NN1706
Also known as: Novo Triple GLP-1/GIP/Glucagon
Novo Nordisk's answer to retatrutide — a once-daily injection that activates all three of the major appetite and metabolism hormones (GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon). The first human data was published in 2026, showing meaningful weight loss in obese subjects and confirming the daily-dosing mechanism is tolerable. Direct competitor to Lilly's once-weekly retatrutide, with the trade-off of more frequent dosing in exchange for potentially smoother side-effect control and easier dose adjustment.
Dosage
Phase 1 ascending doses; protocol not yet established
Dosages shown are for research reference only. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider.
Administration
Subcutaneous injection (once daily)
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Effects
Weight Loss
Triple GLP-1/GIP/glucagon agonism — Novo Nordisk's mechanistic answer to retatrutide.
Energy Expenditure
Glucagon receptor activation drives hepatic fat oxidation and adipose tissue thermogenesis.
Glycemic Control
Dual incretin (GLP-1 + GIP) activation provides robust insulin response.
Daily Dosing
Once-daily subcutaneous (vs retatrutide's weekly) — smoother plasma levels, easier dose adjustment.
Mechanism of Action
NN1706 is a once-daily GLP-1/GIP/glucagon triple receptor agonist — Novo Nordisk's mechanistic equivalent to Eli Lilly's retatrutide, designed to activate all three pathways simultaneously in a single molecule. Each receptor contributes complementary metabolic effects: GLP-1 agonism centrally suppresses appetite, slows gastric emptying, and stimulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion; GIP agonism augments insulin response and modulates adipose lipid handling; and glucagon receptor agonism in the liver drives fatty acid oxidation, ketogenesis, and hepatic glucose output, while in brown and beige adipose tissue it promotes thermogenesis and increases whole-body energy expenditure.
The key engineering challenge in any glucagon-containing multi-agonist is balancing glucagon's hyperglycemic tendency against the glucose-lowering effect of GLP-1 and GIP. NN1706's receptor potency ratios are tuned so that incretin-driven insulinotropic effects sufficiently offset glucagon-driven glucose production, producing net glycemic improvement alongside enhanced fat oxidation. The glucagon component is what differentiates triple agonists like NN1706 and retatrutide from dual GLP-1/GIP agonists like tirzepatide — the additional energy-expenditure and hepatic-fat-mobilising effects of glucagon are the main reason triple agonists have produced higher weight-loss numbers in early trials.
The pharmacokinetic profile gives NN1706 a half-life of roughly 14-18 hours, matched to once-daily subcutaneous dosing rather than the once-weekly schedule of retatrutide. The trade-off is more injections per week against tighter dose control, smoother plasma concentrations, and faster ability to adjust or pause dosing if side effects emerge. The first human data published in 2026 from Phase 1 trials in rodents, monkeys, and humans showed meaningful weight loss with an acceptable initial tolerability profile, setting up Phase 2 obesity and type 2 diabetes trials.
Regulatory Status
Not yet FDA approved. Phase 1 human data published 2026; Phase 2 trials beginning (Novo Nordisk).
Risks & Safety
Common
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, decreased appetite (similar to other GLP-1 class drugs). Daily dosing produces more even side-effect profile vs weekly peaks but requires daily injections.
Serious
pancreatitis, gallstones, slightly elevated heart rate (signal seen with other glucagon-receptor-active drugs).
Rare
thyroid C-cell tumour class warning, severe allergic reactions. Limited human safety data so far.
Compare NN1706 With
Research Papers
1Published: June 1, 2025
AI Summary
The combined preclinical and early human paper on Novo Nordisk's triple GLP-1/GIP/glucagon receptor agonist NN1706. It produced clear weight loss in animals and people, but a consistent rise in heart rate is flagged as a problem for further development.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is NN1706?
Novo Nordisk's answer to retatrutide — a once-daily injection that activates all three of the major appetite and metabolism hormones (GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon). The first human data was published in 2026, showing meaningful weight loss in obese subjects and confirming the daily-dosing mechanism is tolerable. Direct competitor to Lilly's once-weekly retatrutide, with the trade-off of more frequent dosing in exchange for potentially smoother side-effect control and easier dose adjustment.
What is NN1706 used for?
Novo Nordisk's answer to retatrutide — a once-daily injection that activates all three of the major appetite and metabolism hormones (GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon). The first human data was published in 2026, showing meaningful weight loss in obese subjects and confirming the daily-dosing mechanism is tolerable. Direct competitor to Lilly's once-weekly retatrutide, with the trade-off of more frequent dosing in exchange for potentially smoother side-effect control and easier dose adjustment.
What is the dosage for NN1706?
Phase 1 trials: stepwise dose escalation from low microgram doses up to multiple milligrams subcutaneous once daily. Optimal dosing for Phase 2/3 still being established. Daily dosing allows tighter dose adjustment than weekly drugs, at the cost of injection burden.
What are the side effects of NN1706?
Common: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, decreased appetite (similar to other GLP-1 class drugs). Daily dosing produces more even side-effect profile vs weekly peaks but requires daily injections. Serious: pancreatitis, gallstones, slightly elevated heart rate (signal seen with other glucagon-receptor-active drugs). Rare: thyroid C-cell tumour class warning, severe allergic reactions. Limited human safety data so far.
How does NN1706 work?
NN1706 is a once-daily GLP-1/GIP/glucagon triple receptor agonist — Novo Nordisk's mechanistic equivalent to Eli Lilly's retatrutide, designed to activate all three pathways simultaneously in a single molecule. Each receptor contributes complementary metabolic effects: GLP-1 agonism centrally suppresses appetite, slows gastric emptying, and stimulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion; GIP agonism augments insulin response and modulates adipose lipid handling; and glucagon receptor agonism in the liver drives fatty acid oxidation, ketogenesis, and hepatic glucose output, while in brown and beige adipose tissue it promotes thermogenesis and increases whole-body energy expenditure. The key engineering challenge in any glucagon-containing multi-agonist is balancing glucagon's hyperglycemic tendency against the glucose-lowering effect of GLP-1 and GIP. NN1706's receptor potency ratios are tuned so that incretin-driven insulinotropic effects sufficiently offset glucagon-driven glucose production, producing net glycemic improvement alongside enhanced fat oxidation. The glucagon component is what differentiates triple agonists like NN1706 and retatrutide from dual GLP-1/GIP agonists like tirzepatide — the additional energy-expenditure and hepatic-fat-mobilising effects of glucagon are the main reason triple agonists have produced higher weight-loss numbers in early trials. The pharmacokinetic profile gives NN1706 a half-life of roughly 14-18 hours, matched to once-daily subcutaneous dosing rather than the once-weekly schedule of retatrutide. The trade-off is more injections per week against tighter dose control, smoother plasma concentrations, and faster ability to adjust or pause dosing if side effects emerge. The first human data published in 2026 from Phase 1 trials in rodents, monkeys, and humans showed meaningful weight loss with an acceptable initial tolerability profile, setting up Phase 2 obesity and type 2 diabetes trials.
How is NN1706 administered?
NN1706 is administered via subcutaneous injection (once daily).
What is the half-life of NN1706?
The half-life of NN1706 is Approximately 14-18 hours, supporting once-daily dosing.
Is NN1706 legal?
Not yet FDA approved. Phase 1 human data published 2026; Phase 2 trials beginning (Novo Nordisk).
Sources. This profile is built from peer-reviewed papers indexed on PubMed, FDA-approved labelling where available, and published clinical guidelines. The 1 primary sources used are listed in the Research Papers section above, each linked to its PubMed entry. See our editorial standards for how we research and review peptide profiles.
Last reviewed. by the Peptide Reference Editorial Team. Spot an error? Email a correction.
Not medical advice. Information on this page is for educational and research reference only. Many peptides covered are not approved for human use. See our full medical disclaimer.
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